Command responsibility
On July 8, 2009, Buluan, Maguindanao Vice Mayor Esmael “Toto” Mangudadatu was called to a meeting with then-Defense Secretary Gilbert Teodoro in Manila to discuss the former’s decision to run for governor. More precisely, the two talked about a complaint by Governor Andal Ampatuan Sr. that Mangudadatu was “hard-headed” (matigas ang ulo) and would not [...]
